
This article refers to the mining industry. In fact it is applicable to all industry, including the fisheries, which relies heavily on a complex network of suppliers, logistics partners, and transporters to ensure the efficient movement of materials. However, one of the major challenges faced by corporate companies operating in South Africa, specially mining, is the inadequate infrastructure for moving raw materials, particularly the poor condition of ports and railways. These supply chain disruptions not only hamper operations but also lead to various contractual disputes.